Cruciate ligament reconstruction

Cruciate ligament reconstruction, if done under the supervision of professional orthopedic doctors and specialists, in this case, it can cause the problem to disappear and achieve excellent results, and the person can get rid of chronic pain. And with minimal complications, he can return to his normal life. The presence of professionals like Dr. Majid Gurbanzadeh, who is in the field of diagnosis and treatment of joint problems, pelvic bone, etc., has made accurate diagnosis of the problem easily possible, in which case all patients can easily recover very quickly and continue their normal life. cruciate ligament types The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are located in the joint capsule of the knee and are known by this name because of their special anatomical structure. ### Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) This ligament starts from the inner part of the external condyle of the femur and continues to the front part of the tibia in the knee area. When the person is in a standing position and the knee is completely straight, the ACL ligament is stretched and prevents the knee from moving backwards. But when the knee bends, this ligament will be completely relaxed. ### The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) What is the cause of cruciate ligament problems? The cruciate ligament is more often damaged during intense physical activities, which is why athletes, especially soccer players, have the greatest risk of tearing this ligament. The cruciate ligament tear can be complete or partial, and in addition, it can cause damage to the cartilage, knee joint or meniscus. Various factors can cause damage to the knee ligament, which include: ### pressure and impact Direct or indirect contact with the knee joint, especially when the knee is bent and the ligament is loose, increases the possibility of tearing. Professional sports such as football and wrestling, games involving high jumps, sudden turns while running or sudden deceleration can all lead to this injury. Incidents such as accidents, landslides or natural disasters are also other effective factors. ### genetic factors In some people, due to hereditary characteristics, the cruciate ligament is more sensitive and prone to damage. ### Hormones Hormonal changes can increase the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears in women. The presence of receptors for sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone on the surface of the cruciate ligament increases the possibility of the effect of these hormones on ACL injury, especially in female athletes. ### Anatomic factors Conditions such as knee hyperextension, foot pronation, ligament laxity, small gap between femoral condyles, as well as an abnormal increase in the Q angle, increase the incidence of this injury. Can the cruciate ligament be reconstructed? One of the most important and sensitive parts of the movement organs is called the cruciate ligament, which is usually rope-like and has a tissue made of dense collagen fibers. The cruciate ligament plays a very important role in the movement of sensitive organs such as the knee, and any damage to this sensitive part can cause many movement problems for people. A very important thing that you should know is that the cruciate ligament is not able to repair itself, and it is the doctors who can repair the damaged part by performing special surgeries and allow the condition of the cruciate ligament to return to normal within a certain period of time. Sometimes it happens that the cruciate ligament is torn or stretched due to impact or pressure, and usually stretching or any pressure and impact can be treated easily and the condition of the cruciate ligament returns to normal very quickly. Its tearing definitely brings a lot of problems and specialists are forced to perform various surgeries to improve these tears. If you go to the doctor immediately after straining and any damage to the cruciate ligament, the specialists will understand the severity of the injuries and damage and can start treatment processes. If you use a pain reliever and put a cold compress on it as soon as the cruciate ligament is damaged, the amount of pain and inflammation will decrease and you should stop moving as soon as possible. Walking in such a position may cause the rupture of the cruciate ligament, and it will definitely not be possible to repair the tissue in such a situation. If doctors and specialists notice minor tears in the cruciate ligament, they try to prevent surgery with medication and physiotherapy and make the healing process easier for you. If the cruciate ligament is torn, there is no other option but to perform surgery, and doctors must fix this problem as soon as possible and before damage to other moving parts. You should know that various reasons lead to damage or rupture in the cruciate ligament, and the most important of them are sudden pressures and blows. Of course, hormonal changes, genetic factors and even anatomical factors can also affect this complication. Most people experience damage to the cruciate ligament due to accidents and sudden blows, but you should know that if the cruciate ligament is damaged, other problems such as damage to the knee meniscus and even rupture of the knee joint capsule will also happen to you. This is the reason why doctors and specialists who are active in this field recommend that as soon as any damage occurs in the cruciate ligament, detailed investigations should be done so that it does not threaten the health of the person. Among the general public, athletes are usually more exposed to injury than others and experience more tearing and stretching of the cruciate ligament. However, it is better to always protect the health of the movement organ so that you do not have to go through long restrictions and perform specialized treatments. How is cruciate ligament surgery performed? 1. In this surgery, the damaged cruciate ligament is first removed. 2. Then the transplant stage (autograft or allograft) is done, because the tendon is very similar to the ligament in terms of structure and function. 3. Using specialized tools, the surgeon removes a piece of tendon from the quadriceps muscle, hamstring muscle or patellar tendon of the patient's knee and replaces it in the place of the damaged ligament. 4. In some cases, donated tendons may also be used. 5. Through the holes created in the femur and the end of the tibia, the graft is fixed in the right place with the help of tools such as screws. 6. At the end, the created holes are sutured. 7. The patient will usually be hospitalized overnight. Care after cruciate ligament operation Care after cruciate ligament surgery plays an important role in improving and increasing the effectiveness of the operation. Therefore, it is recommended to observe the following points during the recovery and reconstruction of the ligament: - Keep the surgical area clean and change the dressing regularly. - When taking a bath (with the doctor's permission), make sure that water and moisture do not reach the operation area. - Take prescribed medicines such as pain relievers, antibiotics and aspirin exactly at the prescribed time. - Do the exercises and exercises recommended by the doctor regularly. Complete the physiotherapy sessions. - Do not start activities such as climbing stairs, driving, or vigorous physical activity before your doctor's approval. - At least four weeks after the operation, get help from a cane or a walker when walking. - Avoid putting pressure on the operated knee while sleeping. - Use a supportive knee brace according to the doctor's instructions. - If prescribed by the doctor, use an ice compress during the first few days after the operation. Pay attention to adequate rest and proper nutrition. - Professional athletes will usually be able to return to training and sports activities about eight months after surgery. Treatment of cruciate ligament injuries In most cases, in order to solve the problem or rupture of the cruciate ligament, surgery must be performed. After the surgery, the patient should do some special exercises explained by the doctor. should be done for a certain period, this case makes the muscles return to their original state. The most important thing that all patients should pay attention to is that knee and joint surgery is very important and difficult. And only professional and expert doctors like Dr. Gurbanzadeh can easily perform this procedure and minimize the possibility of errors or problems. As a result, the patient can achieve health without worry. So if you are among the people who have to perform these surgeries. In this case, you need to access a specialist doctor like Dr. Gurbanzadeh. And it is not recommended to perform surgeries by novice doctors and doctors who do not have enough expertise. Because it is very sensitive and the inexperience of the doctor can cause irreparable and permanent damage. There are also other important things such as the patient's age, physical condition, type of activity and other important things. which puts the result of the action in an effective way. methods of cruciate ligament reconstruction A cruciate ligament tear, often in sudden sports such as football or basketball, results in pain, swelling, and instability. Cruciate ligament reconstruction treatment is selected based on the severity of the injury, age and activity level of the patient. The options are divided into non-surgical and surgical. Both aim to restore knee function and prevent osteoarthritis. In the following, we will examine each section. ### Non-surgical treatment This approach is suitable for minor tears, elderly or less active patients, where knee stability is preserved and surgery is high risk. Its success rate is 60-40%, but it is not recommended for young athletes because it creates chronic instability. The steps and methods are: #### RICE protocol and initial management In the first 48-72 hours, rest, ice packs, bandages, and elevating the leg will reduce swelling. NSAIDs such as ibuprofen control inflammation. This method is simple and free of charge, but it requires patience. #### Physiotherapy and muscle strengthening After swelling subsides, a 3-6 month physical therapy program includes isometric exercises, balance on an unstable board, and low-stress cardio on a stationary bike. The goal is to strengthen the quadriceps and hamstrings to compensate for the ACL. Advantages: Non-invasive and improves range of motion. Disadvantages: time-consuming and lack of complete reconstruction of the ligament. #### Brace and supportive injections Functional braces provide artificial stability and are used in daily activities. PRP or corticosteroid injections are used to accelerate tissue repair. PRP is natural and low-risk, but limited scientific evidence has calculated a 20-30% improvement in acne. These methods are ideal for mild cases, but follow-up MRI is necessary. ### Surgical treatment Surgery is the gold standard for complete tears (grade 3) and active patients, with 85-95% success in restoring stability. It is usually done 3-6 weeks after the injury after the swelling has been reduced and arthroscopically. 6-12 months rehabilitation is required after that. #### autograph Autograft is the most common method. - **Patellar Tendon Graft:** The tendon in the middle of the knee is removed with the bone and fixed in the thigh/shin tunnels. High stability for athletes, but causes patellar pain. - **hamstring graft**: tendons of the back of the thigh; More flexible and less pain, but slower integration (3-6 months). Both are fixed with screws and EndoButton. #### Allograft - from tissue bank (Achilles tendon); No removal from the patient, suitable for reconstruction or the elderly. - **Advantages:** Quick surgery (45 minutes). - **Disadvantages:** Risk of infection (less than 1%) and slow integration (6-9 months). Careful screening ensures safety. #### New methods (synthetic/biological) - Artificial grafts (LARS) or tissue engineering. - Fast return, but failure rate of 15-20% and inflammation. - More experimental and for special cases. - After surgery, braces, physical therapy and weight control are key. - Rare complications (1% infection) are reduced by choosing a skilled surgeon. Orthopedic consultation based on MRI is the best way. Comparison of cruciate ligament treatment methods Nonsurgical and surgical treatment each have their place, but there are key differences in success, recovery time, and suitability for patients. The non-surgical method is safer and cheaper and focuses on natural enhancement without cutting the skin. The RICE protocol and physical therapy are up to 60% effective in mild cases and prepare the knee for daily life within three to six months, but are insufficient for vigorous sports and increase the risk of long-term osteoarthritis. Braces and injections provide temporary support, but cannot completely rebuild the ligament. This method is ideal for less active or elderly people for whom relative stability is sufficient. In contrast, surgical treatment provides permanent stability and has a success rate of eighty-five to ninety-five percent. Autografts, especially the medial knee tendon, are more durable than allografts and offer faster integration (two to three months), but cause longer surgery and more pain at the harvest site. Allografts are less painful and are more suitable for patients with weak tissue, but their recovery time takes up to nine months and there is a risk of transplant rejection. Modern synthetic methods give the fastest return, but with a failure rate of fifteen to twenty percent, they remain limited to special cases. In general, non-surgery is the first choice for minor tears and a leisurely lifestyle, while surgery is necessary for active youth and complete tears. The final choice is made with MRI evaluation and orthopedic surgeon's consultation to establish the best balance between risk and benefit. Any procedure improves quality of life with proper rehabilitation, but delay in treatment can have serious consequences. Cruciate ligament surgery should be performed in which people? All athletes who have an injury or problem in the knee area and have lost the stability of their joint should undergo surgery to improve if they have the right conditions. Of course, this issue is provided that there is enough power and strength in the spine and knee joint for the surgery to be successful. In other words, the patient's condition should be such that after the operation, the chance of recovery is high. On the other hand, if the person is suffering from diseases or certain problems that affect the result of the operation and the possibility of recovery decreases, in this situation doctors usually do not perform the surgery. Also, if a person has problems in the pelvic area, he may need surgery. This type of operation is very sensitive and difficult and should be performed by experienced and professional doctors in order to achieve the best results. On the other hand, patients who have gone through all the non-surgical treatment steps but their problem is still not resolved and are facing chronic and severe pain, in such a way that their daily life is disturbed and they are not able to do the usual tasks, will have to undergo surgery. In general, surgery in different parts of the body is the last treatment solution. If other methods are not effective, doctors turn to surgery. This work will have a favorable result only when it is performed by expert and experienced surgeons. What are the side effects of cruciate ligament surgery? If the cruciate ligament surgery is performed by Dr. Majid Ghorbanzadeh. In this case, complications are minimized and the patient can recover as soon as possible. In the list below, some of the complications of the operation may be seen due to the patient's condition and the lack of experience of the treating doctor. - There is a possibility of bleeding inside the joints. - There is a possibility of blood clots. - There is a possibility of infection. The most important things that must be taken care of after the operation is that you must follow all the points and things recommended by the doctor. In this case, the amount of side effects is minimized and the recovery time is extremely fast. The best orthopedic specialist in Tehran Today, the existence of many doctors in the field of diagnosis and treatment of joint, spine and other parts such as the pelvis has made it difficult for patients to identify the best orthopedic specialist. In fact, you should have enough information about the doctor's expertise and experience. In this way, you can choose the best specialist to perform the surgery. And considering that it is very important to perform surgeries on joints, spine and other parts such as the pelvis. In such a way that it can cause you to recover forever or suffer from much more serious and fundamental problems. This is why finding a professional orthopedic doctor is extremely important. Fortunately, the presence of professional doctors like Dr. Majid Gurbanzadeh has made it possible. To minimize all the concerns of patients regarding access to a specialist doctor. If for any reason you have chronic and severe pain in the joints of the spine and pelvis and other parts of your body. In this case, the best way is to refer to Dr. Majid Gurbanzadeh. Because accurate diagnosis and timely treatment can prevent very serious problems in the future. Cost of knee cruciate ligament operation Fortunately, the cost of cruciate ligament surgery is covered by insurance, and if the patient has supplementary insurance in addition to the basic insurance, the payment amount will be lower. In general, the location of the operation and the type of equipment used have a direct effect on the final cost, however, this process also includes other side costs, which include: - Medicines needed Imaging and tests - Physiotherapy sessions - Hospital admission fee - Operating room and surgical fee - Brace and cane —————————————————————– Ways of communication with Dr. Majid Ghorbanzadeh The Instagram page of Dr. Majid Ghorbanzadeh Aparat channel of Dr. Majid Ghorbanzadeh The show channel of Dr. Majid Ghorbanzadeh —————————————————————–