Familiarity with types of bodybuilding supplements for diabetics

============================================== Exercise and bodybuilding exercises have many benefits for everyone, but for those living with diabetes, the path to muscle growth and increasing physical ability requires careful nutritional planning and smart choice of supplements. Fluctuations in blood sugar and insulin sensitivity can affect athletic performance and, if neglected, compromise overall health. Bodybuilding supplements are powerful tools to help rebuild muscles, increase energy, and improve recovery, but the type, ingredients, and timing of their use play a decisive role in safety and effectiveness. Principles of nutrition and metabolism in diabetic athletes Nutrition is one of the most sensitive parts of the exercise program in people with diabetes who engage in bodybuilding exercises or physical activities. It is very important to control blood sugar, maintain energy and prevent a sudden drop or increase in glucose in these people. The body of diabetics behaves differently in response to insulin, and the way of using energy in muscles and tissues depends on the state of insulin and cell resistance. Therefore, adjusting the diet and selecting the supplement should be done according to the type of diabetes and metabolic status in order to improve performance and maintain health. ### Effect of insulin and cellular sensitivity on energy consumption Insulin is a key hormone in regulating blood sugar levels and in healthy people, it causes glucose to enter muscle cells. But in type 1 diabetes, insulin production is impaired and in type 2, there is insulin resistance. By increasing the sensitivity of cells to insulin, regular exercise facilitates the entry of glucose into the muscles and reduces the sugar level. This effect lasts for several hours after exercise and is the main reason for recommending exercise in diabetic patients. However, in those who inject insulin, the risk of post-exercise hypoglycemia is increased and close glucose monitoring is essential. ### Protein, carbohydrate and fat needs in the active diabetic body Diabetic athletes, like other athletes, need adequate protein, carbohydrate and fat intake to increase muscle mass and maintain performance. **Protein** helps to control sugar and restore muscles, and its appropriate amount is about 1.2 to 1.7 grams per kilogram of body weight. **Carbohydrates** are the main source of energy, but they should be chosen from the type with a low glycemic index so that the blood sugar gradually increases. Before training, if the blood sugar is low (<90 mg/dL), consuming 15 to 30 grams of fast carbohydrates is recommended. Healthy fats such as olive oil, fish and nuts provide sustained energy and improve insulin sensitivity, while saturated fats should be limited. ### dangers of hypoglycemia during or after exercise One of the most important challenges for diabetic athletes is hypoglycemia. During exercise, the consumption of glucose in the muscles increases, and in insulin users, a sharp drop in sugar may occur. Its symptoms include shaking, sweating, extreme hunger and dizziness. For prevention, blood sugar should be measured before exercise; If it is less than 90 mg/dL, it is necessary to consume fast carbohydrates before starting the exercise. In long exercises, it is recommended to eat a light snack or an energy gel, and after exercise, it is important to measure sugar again to prevent a delayed drop. ### Adjust meals to prevent sugar fluctuations Accurate meal planning plays an essential role in controlling blood sugar during exercise. The balanced combination of carbohydrates, protein and fat in each meal helps maintain energy and prevent fatigue. A pre-workout meal should include a complex carbohydrate source such as whole-wheat bread with a light protein, while a post-workout meal should include a high-quality protein and a controlled amount of carbohydrate to replenish glycogen. People who use insulin should coordinate the time of injection with meals to avoid a sudden drop in sugar. Bodybuilding supplements suitable for diabetics People with diabetes should be especially careful when choosing sports supplements, because their main purpose is to control blood sugar levels and prevent extreme glucose fluctuations. It is necessary to use a glucose measuring device during and after exercise to monitor the condition of the body. In this section, we will review the most common bodybuilding supplements and their safety and effectiveness for diabetic athletes. ### Glutamine: Glutamine is one of the essential amino acids of the body, which plays a role in muscle repair and strengthening the immune system. Studies show that consuming glutamine with a meal can **increase the secretion of GLP-1 hormone and insulin and reduce blood sugar**. However, this effect has not been well studied in people with uncontrolled diabetes. Therefore, if your diabetes is stable and controlled, you should consult your doctor before taking glutamine. Self-administration of this supplement without supervision may cause disturbances in blood sugar regulation. ### Testosterone supplements: Testosterone is one of the key hormones in building muscle and regulating metabolism. Some research has shown that increasing testosterone levels in men with type 2 diabetes can help improve insulin sensitivity. However, taking testosterone supplements without a medical prescription is very dangerous and can cause complications such as heart dysfunction, liver problems, and extreme hormonal changes. Therefore, these supplements should only be used under special conditions and under the strict supervision of an endocrinologist. ### Protein supplements: Protein is one of the main elements for building and maintaining muscle mass. Adequate consumption of protein throughout the day helps rebuild muscles and prevent their breakdown. Scientific studies have shown that **whey protein** can stimulate the secretion of insulin in people with type 2 diabetes and thus reduce blood sugar levels by about **30****. Therefore, protein supplements can be a safe and effective option for diabetic patients; Provided that they are **no added sugar, low fat and low carbohydrate**. When shopping, choose brands that have pure protein and minimal processing, as many products on the market contain hidden sugars and inappropriate additives. ### creatine: Creatine is produced naturally in the body and can be obtained from sources such as meat and fish. This substance helps to increase strength, energy and muscle growth. But regarding the effect of creatine on diabetes, there is still **no sufficient and definitive research**. Some studies have shown that taking creatine alongside exercise may slightly improve insulin sensitivity, but the evidence is insufficient to draw a firm conclusion. For this reason, the use of creatine for diabetic patients should only be done **with the direct advice of a doctor** in order to prevent possible complications. ### Fat burning supplements: Fat burners accelerate the fat burning process by increasing metabolism and reducing appetite. However, in diabetic people, the use of these supplements should be done with **full caution**. The ingredients in some fat burners can have a negative effect on blood pressure or blood sugar. Although some products contain natural and safe ingredients, it is always necessary to carefully check the ingredient label and consult a doctor or nutritionist before use. In general, fat burners are not the first choice for diabetics. ### pre-workout supplements: Pre-workout supplements usually contain compounds such as amino acids, creatine, and caffeine that aim to increase energy and focus during exercise. Diabetic people should be very cautious in choosing these supplements, because **caffeine can have a negative effect on blood sugar regulation** and cause glucose fluctuations. Therefore, it is suggested to use **caffeine-free versions**. At the same time, diet control and regular blood sugar measurement during training are very important, because even a small error in timing or supplement dosage can cause blood sugar to drop or rise. Athletes with diabetes can use bodybuilding supplements, but they must carefully observe the following: - Before taking any type of supplement, consult a doctor or a sports nutritionist. - Use **sugar-free, low-carb and artificial additive-free products**. - Monitor blood sugar levels **regularly** during exercise. - No supplement replaces a balanced diet and accurate blood sugar management. Finally, a smart choice of supplements can help improve athletic performance, increase muscle mass, and better control diabetes without compromising one's health. Key points in choosing supplements for diabetics In this section, we discuss the key points in choosing supplements for diabetics. ### 1. Detailed review of the nutritional label: The first and most important step in choosing a supplement for diabetics is to read the nutrition label and check the amount of sugar and carbohydrates. Total calories, total carbohydrates, total sugars and added sugars should be checked carefully. The numbers listed show you how quickly carbohydrates are absorbed and may raise blood sugar levels. Also, the ingredients of the product should be reviewed; If sugary sweeteners such as maltodextrin, dextrose, or sugar are at the top of the list, the chances of high blood sugar are high. Knowing these numbers and ingredients will help you choose appropriate and controlled supplements and avoid sudden sugar fluctuations. ### 2. Identify hidden sugars: Many sports products contain sugars that are not directly written on the "Sugar" label and can raise glucose levels. Hidden sugars include maltodextrin, dextrose, corn syrup, fructose, and sweet extracts such as barley malt or sugar extract. Even some starches or processed disaccharides can quickly turn into glucose in the body. Identifying these sugars and comparing their amount with the total daily carbohydrate intake is essential for diabetics to continue their diet and exercise program while maintaining glucose stability. ### 3. Artificial sweeteners and sugar alcohols: Artificial sweeteners such as aspartame and sucralose are often calorie-free and do not directly raise blood sugar, but some studies suggest that long-term use may alter insulin sensitivity or the gut microbiome. Sugar alcohols such as erythritol and xylitol have little effect on sugar, but some such as maltitol or sorbitol may slightly raise blood sugar or cause digestive upset. Therefore, their consumption should be carefully monitored based on personal response, especially in diabetics who are highly sensitive to sugar fluctuations. ### 4. Attention to sucralose and aspartame: Sucralose usually does not increase blood sugar in the short term, but its long-term use can affect insulin sensitivity. Aspartame also has no direct effect on glucose in permitted doses, but its use is prohibited in sensitive people or those with the genetic disorder PKU. Therefore, it is recommended to consume these sweeteners in a reasonable amount and with blood sugar monitoring to prevent any adverse effects. ### 5. Choosing safer sweeteners: Sweeteners such as **erythritol and stevia** usually have the least effect on blood sugar levels and are a suitable option for diabetics. However, each person reacts differently and may experience some digestive symptoms or slight changes in blood sugar. Therefore, after taking the first dose of a new supplement, it is very important to measure the sugar level 1-2 hours later to determine the personal reaction of the body. ### 6. Safety recommendations for daily and periodic use: Here are a few key tips for safe supplement use: First, consult with a **physician or sports nutritionist** before starting any new supplement, especially if you're taking blood sugar-lowering medication or insulin, or have a history of kidney or heart disease. Second, gradual intake and monitoring of blood sugar response in the first 2-3 days is essential. Third, kidney and liver function should be checked, especially with high-dose protein or creatine supplements. Fourth, avoid products with added sugar and maltodextrin and always check the actual amount of ingredients. Fifth, if the product has sweeteners, identify the type and monitor closely for any digestive symptoms or sugar fluctuations. Regular monitoring before, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes after taking the supplement helps with accurate glucose management. ### 7. Additional tips for purchase and use: Always check "Added Sugars" and "Ingredients" clearly in the product description. If artificial sweetener is used, specify the type and amount. Include medical warnings; For example: "People who take insulin or have PKU should consult a doctor before use." Also, a short practical advice such as "For the first time after consumption, check the sugar 60-90 minutes" can significantly increase the safety of the consumer. ### Muscle Strength Without Sugar Swings: The Smart Supplement Guide for Diabetic Athletes Choosing the right supplement for diabetics is a combination of nutrition science, accurate blood sugar monitoring and accurate knowledge of product ingredients. Quality proteins, slow absorbing carbohydrates, mineral and vitamin supplements and even some amino acids can play an effective role in increasing physical strength and muscle growth; Provided that **low glycemic index and low hidden sugar** are observed in them. Careful consumption of sweeteners, checking the nutrition label and daily monitoring of blood sugar will ensure the effectiveness of the supplements without causing sugar fluctuations. Ultimately, a smart combination of exercise, proper diet, and carefully selected supplements provides the path to muscle growth and lasting health for diabetic athletes. **To receive a visit (online or in person) with Dr. Yazdan Panah, fill out the form below**