What is premenstrual syndrome or PMS?

What is premenstrual syndrome or PMS? It is a group of physical and mental symptoms that occur periodically and close to menstruation in women. About 75% of women suffer from mild premenstrual syndrome, and about 4-10% of women suffer from severe premenstrual syndrome, which may have serious effects on the quality of life of a woman. The cause of premenstrual syndrome or PMS بعضی بافت های بدن به تغییرات هورمونی که در سیکل قاعدگی رخ می دهد حساس ترند کاهش و یا افزایش استروژن و پروژسترون در طول سیکل قاعدگی می تواند روی موارد شیمیایی موجود در مغز مثل سروتونین (ماده شیمیایی در مغز که بر خلق و خو موثر است) تاثیر بگذارد در افراد حساس این تأثیر می‌تواند سبب ایجاد **علائم سندروم پیش از قاعدگی** شود. Symptoms of premenstrual syndrome Depression - anxiety - bloating - breast pain - fatigue are common symptoms and include the following symptoms Disappointment and lack of motivation in daily activities - Decreased libido - Anger and irritability - Fatigue and lethargy - Increased acne or pimples on the face and body - Abdominal pain - Breast pain and sensitivity to touch - Lack of concentration in doing daily tasks - Changeable mood and frequent crying Diseases that worsen before menstruation 1) Migraine 2) chronic fatigue disease 3) Irritable bowel syndrome Diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome There is no test to diagnose PMS. The only way to diagnose it is that the symptoms appear in the second half of the menstrual cycle and close to menstruation and decrease with the onset of menstruation and then disappear. Treatment of premenstrual syndrome Conservative treatments, including exercise, yoga, and the use of vitamin supplements, can reduce symptoms in some women. These treatments have no side effects and it is better to try these treatments first. Yoga exercise relaxes and reduces anxiety and reduces emotional and mental discomfort in these people. Taking vitamin B6 on a daily basis can be effective in improving **symptoms of mild premenstrual syndrome**. 2) Drug treatments 1\) SSRI: Antidepressant treatments can reduce PMS symptoms in 70-75% of cases. Of course, it should be taken under the supervision of a gynecologist. 2\) Contraceptive pills in some cases can be effective in treating premenstrual syndrome. Although in some cases it may aggravate the symptoms. 3\) GNRH treatments: These treatments must be started under the supervision of a gynecologist. 4\) Diuretics: It can help in the treatment of symptoms of swelling and flatulence. And finally, the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome can be controlled by changing the lifestyle. 1. Having a healthy diet and reducing saturated fats and consuming fresh vegetables and fruits 2. Eating small and numerous meals 3. Limit dietary salt 4. Consuming foods with high calcium such as dairy products 5. Not consuming caffeine and alcohol 6. Daily exercise 7. Sufficient sleep 8. Massage and yoga **In what cases should you consult a specialist for the treatment of premenstrual syndrome:** When you still have the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome after changing your lifestyle and these symptoms have a significant impact on your daily activities and reduce your daily performance, be sure to visit a gynecologist. Consultation with Dr. Shiva Madani Hosseini Send your question to Dr. Shiva Madani Hosseini, gynecological cosmetic surgeon, gynecology and obstetrics and infertility surgeon.