Digital smile design

In designing a smile, the dentist must pay attention to several factors in order to obtain a natural, harmonious and beautiful result. These factors include the principles of aesthetics, facial anatomy, teeth fit and oral health. What makes a face beautiful? Smooth skin, big eyes or a bright smile? Each of these features play a role in beauty, but what is important in aesthetics is a specific mathematical ratio that dates back more than 2,500 years. Golden ratio in facial beauty In ancient Greece, it was discovered that when a line is divided into two parts, so that the ratio of the larger part to the smaller part is equal to 1.618, a harmonious and beautiful combination is created. This ratio, known as the "golden ratio", the "phi number" (named after the famous Greek sculptor Phidias) or the "divine ratio", has been the basis of many artistic and architectural masterpieces. Since the Renaissance, artists such as Leonardo da Vinci used this ratio to create works such as the Mona Lisa. Even today, this ratio is used as a scientific criterion to determine the ideal proportions of the face and smile design. Beauty based on the number of phi Perhaps unconsciously, we judge beauty based on symmetry and golden proportions. Scientific research has shown that in all cultures, people perceive faces that are closer to the golden ratio as more beautiful and balanced. For example: • The ideal ratio of the length of the head to the chin in relation to the width of the face is equal to 1.618. • The distance between the nose and the center of the lips should be 1.618 times the distance between the lips and the chin. • Ideal volume ratio of the lips: the lower lip should be 1.6 times the upper lip. The golden ratio and the effect of aging on the face With age, people's faces move away from golden proportions. Studies have shown that the distance between the nose and the mouth, the width of the nose and the mouth, as well as the volume of the cheek areas and the jaw line change gradually. Analyzing the fat around the eyes, cheeks and sides of the face reduces the volume and creates a droopy state in the face. These changes disrupt the harmony of the face and create an older appearance. Restoring beauty by observing the golden proportions In cosmetic dentistry and smile design, the use of the golden ratio can restore ideal proportions. Creating harmony between the shape of the teeth, lips and the overall structure of the face increases the natural beauty and attractiveness of the face. For this reason, it is very important to observe this golden ratio in any beauty correction and facial rejuvenation. Beauty designs that are done without paying attention to these principles may not only not help to improve the face, but also cause disproportion and an unnatural appearance. Beauty is a science - and in science, the number 1.618 always comes first. Facial analysis in digital smile design (DSD) Digital Smile Design (DSD - Digital Smile Design) is an advanced process that examines and models the harmony between teeth, gums and facial components using digital software. In this method, a detailed analysis of the face and smile is done to get the best result. This type of design allows us to make a special smile considering the persona of the audience. For example, for a person who is serious or old and robust, we should design a wiser and straighter smile, and for younger people, we should give a more curved shape to the smile and teeth. 1. Linear analysis and facial proportions (macrostatic investigation) Facial Midline: • The middle line of the front teeth (centrals) should be in harmony with the middle line of the face. • If these two lines are inconsistent, orthodontics or prosthetic correction may be needed. ✅ Interpupillary Line: • The line between the two pupils should be parallel to the horizontal line of the front teeth (Occlusal Plane). • In case of inconsistency, it may be necessary to change the angle of the teeth. Jaw angle and facial symmetry: • Checking the coordination between the jaw line and the smile to ensure the balance and harmony of the face. Volume and shape of the lips: The thickness and arch of the lips has an effect on the visibility of the teeth. Buccal Corridor is the space between the premolar teeth and the inner edges of the cheeks when smiling. This space is especially visible when a person smiles and is recognized as one of the beauty features in smile design. The size and depth of the buccal corridor should be in harmony with the features of the face (such as the size and shape of the cheeks and the distance between the eyes) to achieve a natural and balanced smile. Small buccal corridor: When the distance between the premolars and the edges of the cheek is small, the smile may appear more open and attractive. This type of buccal corridor is important in designing natural and beautiful smiles. However, a very small buccal corridor may give a denture-like appearance (similar to artificial teeth), which is very unpleasant. Large Buccal Corridor: If this gap is large, the smile may look a bit narrow and unbalanced. The face scanner is a very accurate tool that can scan your facial features with high precision and collect the necessary information to design a smile. This technology allows accurate measurement of distances and angles in the face and allows the dentist to personalize the smile design based on the unique features of your face. This means that your smile will be completely coordinated with the structure of your face and will look natural and beautiful. 2. Smile analysis and its relationship with the face Smile Line: The curvature of the edges of the upper teeth should be in harmony with the arch of the lower lip. If this proportion does not exist, it may be necessary to correct the length of the teeth. The smile line is one of the most important aesthetic factors in smile design, which refers to the position and manner of displaying the upper teeth in relation to the lower lip when smiling. This line has a great effect on the harmony of the teeth, the shape of the lips and the overall attractiveness of the face. In an ideal smile, the upper teeth should be about 1 to 2 mm away from the lower lip. At older ages, the upper teeth may be less visible and the lower teeth may be more visible. Types of smile lines: 1. Ideal Smile Line: • The edge of the upper teeth has a natural curve that is in harmony with the arch of the lower lip. • This type of smile creates more attractiveness and makes the face look younger. 2. Flat Smile Line: • The edge of the upper teeth is almost in a straight line and has a slight curve compared to the lower lip. • It is usually seen in older people, as the teeth wear down with age and the natural curvature decreases. 3. Reverse Smile Line: • The edge of the central (front) teeth is higher than the laterals and creates an inverted U shape. • This type of smile line is aesthetically undesirable and usually requires correction (with orthodontics, laminates or restorations). 4. Gummy smile line: • In this case, a large amount of gum can be seen when smiling (more than 3 mm). • This condition can be corrected with laser, gum contouring, surgery or botox. 5. Low Smile Line: • In this type of smile, only a small part of the upper teeth can be seen when laughing. • This situation may be due to the thickness of the upper lip or the shortness of the teeth, and it can be corrected by laminating or increasing the length of the tooth crown. Characteristics of an ideal smile line ✔ alignment of the curvature of the edge of the teeth with the lower lip ✔ 1 to 2 mm of the upper teeth being clear when the lips are resting ✔ Not showing too much gum (maximum 2-3 mm) ✔ Proportion between the shape of the teeth, lips and facial features How to correct the smile line? 1. Laminate or composite veneer: to change the shape and height of the teeth 2. Orthodontics: To align teeth and change their position 3. Cosmetic gum surgery: to correct a gummy smile 4. Botox: To reduce gum exposure in a gummy smile 5. Increasing the length of the tooth crown: if the teeth are short The smile line has a great effect on the attractiveness of the face and should be designed according to the components of the face. In digital smile design (DSD), the patient's smile line is analyzed using software and before the treatment, the final result is simulated to create a harmonious and natural smile. ✅ Gummy Smile: • If more than 3 mm of gum is visible when smiling, the person has a gummy smile that may require gum contouring, botox or corrective surgery. Gum height: the visibility of the gum in a smile is important (people with a gummy smile may need gum contouring. Sometimes the reason for the gums to be visible is the large upper jaw, which is corrected by jaw surgery, and sometimes it is due to the high lip, which is fixed with Botox) Symmetry of the gum line: the gums should be proportional to the shape of the teeth. Gingival Zenith is the highest point or the highest height of the gum line in each tooth. This point has an important effect on the harmony and beauty of the smile and must be placed in the right place to maintain the harmony between the teeth and gums. Ideal features of Zenit Gum: ✅ Location of gum zenith in anterior teeth: • In central teeth (tooth 1): the zenith is slightly inclined towards the distal side (farther from the midline). • In lateral teeth (tooth 2): the zenith is almost in the center of the tooth. • In canine teeth (tooth 3): the zenith is again slightly inclined towards the distal side. ✅ Suitable gum height: • The gum line of central and canine teeth should be on the same level. • The gingival zenith of the lateral teeth should be slightly lower than the central and canine teeth to maintain the natural curve of the smile. Symmetry of gingival zenith on both sides: • The gum line on the right and left side should be symmetrical so as not to create a lack of harmony in the smile. The gum line should not be too high or too low: • In a gummy smile, the zenith of the gum is too low and requires gum contouring or corrective treatments. • In gingival recession, the zenith rises too high, which may require gum grafting or restorative procedures. Important point: In digital smile design (DSD), the exact location of the gum zenith is checked and adjusted by software to create the best harmony between the gum and the teeth. If the gum zenith is unbalanced, methods such as laser gum contouring, cosmetic gum surgery can help correct it. 3. Analysis of teeth in smile design (microstatic analysis) Golden ratio in teeth: ratio 1.618 (phi number) which is called Fibonacci ratio or golden ratio, this number refers to ratios in which each component has a specific ratio to its previous component. Fibonacci number is a mathematical rule that is widely found in nature, architecture and art, for example, the galaxy, sea shells and tree leaves are beautiful. The fact that we see these shapes as beautiful goes back to geometry and the law of balance, so that humans unconsciously perceive golden ratios as the most beautiful and balanced shapes, the human mind tends to enjoy shapes and structures that have balance and harmony. Phi number is also used in digital smile design. These ratios are used to create harmony and balance in smile design. Specifically, in the design of teeth, these proportions are used to adjust the length, width and shape of the teeth in a way that harmonizes with the natural beauty of the patient's face. According to this law: • Width of central (front) teeth = 1.618 times the width of lateral teeth • Width of lateral teeth = 1.618 times the width of canine teeth. This ratio makes the teeth look natural and harmonious from the front view. If this proportion is not observed, the teeth may appear too large, small or disproportionate. The ratio of length to width of teeth: • Ideal central teeth usually have a ratio of 80% (width to length). That is, if the width of the tooth is 8 mm, its length should be about 10 mm. If the teeth are too short, they make an older smile, and if the teeth are too long, they may look unnatural. If the teeth are too square or too elongated, they may need to be reshaped with laminates or veneers. In designing a digital smile at our center, advanced technologies such as face scanners and scientific principles such as the Fibonacci number are used to achieve a result that is perfectly suited to your facial features. Angle and shape of anterior teeth: • The front teeth should lean slightly forward to have a natural appearance, and also not to interfere with the way the lower lip closes. The connector areas (the contact point of the teeth) and the edges of the teeth and the sharpness of the teeth must be observed. Color of teeth: • The color of the teeth should be in harmony with the color of the skin, the whiteness of the eyes and the age of the person. So that the whiteness of the teeth does not exceed the whiteness of the eyes. To choose the correct shade, dentists usually use standard shade systems such as the Vita Classical Shade Guide or similar systems. In tooth shade systems, there are different color spectrums. The choice of color should be in accordance with the needs of the individual and its harmony with other features of the face. Texture and transparency of teeth: Natural teeth have some transparency that should be preserved in the design. The transparency of the teeth gives the teeth a more natural and attractive look. Tooth enamel naturally has some transparency that allows light to pass and reflect off the edges of the tooth The transparency of the teeth is related to the way light reflects from the tooth enamel and has a great impact on the natural appearance of the teeth. Natural teeth are usually lighter on the edges and darker near the root. Color coordination of veneers and veneers: The veneers should not be too white or unnatural 4. Gum line and its health 5. Function and occlusion (proper functioning of teeth) How to place the upper and lower teeth together: To avoid jaw and dental problems, the bite must be adjusted correctly. Protection of teeth against wear: designed teeth should not cause unnatural pressure or wear. The advantages of digital smile design (DSD) are: Digital Smile Design (DSD) is one of the most advanced methods in cosmetic dentistry that, with the help of digital technologies and specialized software, makes the process of designing and predicting the final result of dental cosmetic treatments more accurate and personalized. This method not only helps dentists perform cosmetic treatments with high precision, but also improves the patient experience. Here are some of the main benefits of digital smile design 1\. Accurate prediction of the result: the patient sees the final result before the treatment and is satisfied with the changes. 2\. Personalizing the design: The smile design is designed based on the individual features of the face, skin color, patient's taste and other factors. 3\. Better communication with the patient: the dentist can clearly and accurately show the patient the smile plan, which increases the patient's confidence and reduces the worry about the treatment result. 4\. Optimal material selection: accurate selection of materials and treatment techniques based on digital analysis. 5\. High accuracy of treatment: by using digital design, mistakes are reduced and treatment is done faster and more accurately. 6\. Therapy team coordination: The therapy team can perform the treatments in the best way using a single plan. 7\. More natural results: precise designs that conform to facial features create more natural and beautiful results. "In our clinic, digital smile design is done exclusively by a prosthodontist using the most advanced digital technologies (face scanner and advanced oral scanner), which makes us one of the few specialized and leading centers in this field.