What is ovarian cancer? Its cause, symptoms and treatment methods

Ovarian cancer affects the small organs in the female reproductive system called the ovaries, which are responsible for the formation of eggs.... This disease is not accompanied by symptoms in the early stages, so it is currently considered one of the 5 female diseases with high mortality.

There are different types of female diseases that only a gynecologist and obstetrician can help you in diagnosing and choosing the best treatment method... Ovarian cancer has a higher mortality rate among diseases of the female reproductive system such as uterine tissue, ovary and cervix... This disease indicates the presence of a mass in the ovary that disrupts its normal function...

If you are also curious to know what an ovarian tumor is and what its symptoms are, until the end of this article from the magazine GCORP LLC Join us to explore its symptoms, factors and treatment methods.

What is ovarian cancer?

In order to know what an ovarian tumor is, you must first know these two parts of the female reproductive system.. The ovaries are two round walnut-sized organs that are located on both sides of the uterus and are responsible for producing eggs during the preparation of the body for reproduction...

These organs are the main source of female hormones estrogen and progesterone and play an important role in women's fertility. Ovarian cancer occurs when abnormal cells begin to grow from the fallopian tubes and enter the ovaries.... The uncontrollable proliferation of these cells leads to ovarian tumor.

Types of ovarian cancer

After we understand what ovarian tumor is, we need to know its types... Ovaries are composed of 3 types of cells, each of which can become a different form of tumor:

• Epithelial tumor: This type of invasive tumor starts from the cells that cover the outer surface of the ovary and accounts for the majority of ovarian cancer (about 90%).
• Germ cell tumors: They start in cells that produce eggs and are often benign.
• Stromal tumors: consist of cells that make female hormones (estrogen and progesterone) and the main place of their expansion will be in the cells of the structural tissue of the ovary.

Learn more: What are the symptoms of uterine cancer in girls?

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It is good to know that ovarian cancer appears with symptoms such as pain and bloating after spreading to the abdomen and pelvis.... You can easily discuss your abnormal symptoms and signs with them by visiting an online gynecologist at GCORP LLC.

Symptoms of ovarian cancer

This disease usually becomes more severe by spreading to the abdomen and pelvis, so that many cases are not easily diagnosed... The main symptoms of ovarian cancer are:

• Urine frequency
• Increasing the size of the abdomen
Pelvic pain, abdominal pain or bloating Menstruation even after menopause Abnormal vaginal discharge or bleeding
• Change in bowel function such as diarrhea or constipation
• Change in eating habits such as getting full early or losing appetite

If you see any of the above symptoms, be sure to consult a gynecologist.

Learn more: Where is abdominal and pelvic ultrasound?

The cause of ovarian cancer

If you also want to know what is the symptom of a lump in the ovary and why it occurs, we must say that the main cause of this disease is still unknown.... But the doctors have come to the conclusion that the tumor in the ovary is caused by a genetic mutation in the DNA of the cell in this area...

This mutation causes rapid cell growth and abnormal tumor proliferation. Unfortunately, cancer cells remain strong and healthy cells die. Meanwhile, there are some risk factors that can increase the likelihood of ovarian cancer.

Read more:Complications of ovarian cyst rupture in the abdomen

Effective factors in ovarian cancer

They are:

• Obesity
• family background
Endometriosis
• Increasing age (between 50 and 60 years)
• Premature onset of menstruation and menopause before the age of 40
• Breast cancer (Doctors remove the ovaries of women with breast cancer if they have the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene.)

Contact a GCORP LLC oncologist for guidance on diagnosing and evaluating risk factors.

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Stages of ovarian cancer

Ovarian tumor has 4 stages, which are:

• The first stage: The first stage of this disease has 3 subsections.... Stage IA indicates the occurrence of cancer in the ovary or fallopian tube.... In stage IB, the tumor involves both ovaries, and stage IC indicates the spread of the disease in the outer part of the ovary or its surroundings.
• The second stage: This stage has two parts IIA and IIB.... IIA means the spread of the disease in the uterus and IIB indicates the spread of the tumor in the adjacent part of the pelvis.
• Stage III: In stage IIIA of this process, the disease has spread from the pelvis to the abdomen or into the lymph nodes.... But stage IIIB means that the tumor has grown up to 2 cm and is out of the pelvis or lymph nodes.... Stage IIIC is related to the effect of the tumor on other organs or the spleen, such as the liver..
• Stage IV: The most severe stage of ovarian cancer is in which the tumors have completely spread to the liver and spleen and reach the lungs. In the most acute stage, the cancer cells metastasize (spread) to the lymph nodes in the groin or chest.

Ovarian cancer diagnosis method

Currently, there is no successful test for ovarian cancer screening.... That's why it will be difficult to diagnose this disease in the early stages.... If the gynecologist suspects the existence of a mass in the ovary, he will first ask questions about your abnormal symptoms, then check for abnormal growth or organ enlargement with a pelvic examination....

Other tests required to confirm the ovarian tumor are introduced in the following table:

Ovarian cancer prevention method

Doctors have not yet been able to offer a known solution to prevent this disease.... But following some factors can greatly reduce the risk of ovarian tumor.... They include the following:

• Breastfeeding
• Quit smoking
• Maintaining fitness
• Pregnancy and childbirth
• Following a healthy diet
• Use of contraceptive pills
• Get regular checkups and talk to your gynecologist about your symptoms
• Some surgeries such as oophorectomy, hysterectomy and fallopian tube closure

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Ovarian cancer treatment

To treat this disease, the doctor pays attention to the type, stage and grade of the cancer. Also, the general health of the person and his age have a significant impact on choosing the treatment method. The most common ways to treat ovarian cancer are as follows:

1... Surgery

This method is chosen depending on the spread of the disease, which usually includes hysterectomy, removal of one or both ovaries, and surgery of the affected lymph nodes. The surgeon performs one of the following two methods:

• Laparoscopy (minimally invasive surgery)
• Laparotomy (open surgery with abdominal incision)

2... Chemotherapy

This method is used before or after surgery to destroy cancer cells. Chemotherapy is usually administered intravenously or orally based on a doctor's prescription.

3... targeted treatment of ovarian cancer

This type of treatment is used to change the way cells grow and divide. In targeted therapy, certain drugs are selected to identify and attack cancer cells.

Learn more: What is the best breast cancer test?

4.... Hormone therapy

In some cases, ovarian tumors use hormones to grow... Hormonal therapy includes drugs to block the hormone and prevent or slow down the growth of cancer.

5... Radiotherapy of ovarian tumor

In this method, cancer cells are destroyed with the help of X-rays. Usually, for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer, radioactive liquid is injected into the peritoneum.

6.... immunotherapy (biotherapy)

In order to strengthen the immune system in order to defend the body against cancer, they use the immunotherapy method.... This solution is a kind of vaccine treatment that finds the tumor and destroys it by injecting medicine.

Ovarian cancer result

Different types of ovarian cancer can be treated if detected in the early stages.... In order for the doctor to diagnose your disease in time, it is better to include regular examinations by a gynecologist and obstetrician in your medical plan.... In this article from GCORP LLC magazine, we examined what is the best tumor solution and the best female mass solution for tumor treatment?. Tract.... You can also share your opinions and experiences with us.... If necessary, you can refer to a gynecologist..

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