Scoliosis

Declination of the spine (scoliosis)

• October 8, 2024

Scoliosis is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, appearing in an "S" or "C" shape. This condition can affect any part of the spine, but most commonly occurs in the thoracic (upper) or lumbar (lower) region.

Types of scoliosis: 1. **Idiopathic scoliosis**: the most common type of scoliosis that is often diagnosed in teenagers. Its cause is unknown, but genetic factors may play a role. 2. Congenital scoliosis: It is present from birth and is caused by spinal defects during fetal life. 3. **Neuromuscular scoliosis**: Associated with neuromuscular conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or spina bifida, which weaken the muscles that support the spine. 4. **Degenerative scoliosis**: It occurs in elderly people and is due to degeneration of the discs and joints of the spine, which is often associated with arthritis.

Symptoms: - Inequality of shoulders or pelvis - Prominence of the chest or shoulder blade - Leg length inequality Back pain (less common in children, but may occur in adults) - In severe cases, breathing problems due to reduced chest space

### Diagnosis: Scoliosis is usually diagnosed through a physical examination and imaging tests such as radiographs, MRIs, or CT scans to measure the amount of curvature (Cobb's angle). Curvature greater than 10 degrees is considered as scoliosis.

### Treatment: In mild cases, especially in children, only regular monitoring may be sufficient. **Brace**: For moderate curves in growing children or teenagers, using a brace can prevent further progression. – **Surgery**: In severe cases (curves greater than 45-50 degrees), spinal fusion surgery may be recommended to straighten the spine and prevent worsening. **Chiropractic treatment**: Strengthening exercises, posture training and pain management can improve quality of life, especially in adults with degenerative scoliosis.

The severity and progression of scoliosis can vary greatly from person to person, and early detection often leads to better outcomes.